Explanation: A monitor is an output device that displays text, images, and videos generated by the computer. It allows users to visually view the processed data. Common types of monitors include LCD, LED, and OLED screens.

Explanation: Mucor is not a biofertilizer; it is a saprophytic fungus that grows on decaying organic matter. Biofertilizers are living microorganisms that enhance soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen or solubilizing nutrients. Examples include Rhizobium, Azotobacter, and Anabaena.

Explanation: Humans first landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969, during NASA’s Apollo 11 mission. American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin became the first and second humans to walk on the Moon, while Michael Collins orbited above in the command module. Neil Armstrong’s famous words, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind,” marked this historic achievement in space exploration.

The Yellow Revolution in India refers to the significant increase in the production of oilseeds. It was initiated to make India self-sufficient in edible oils such as mustard, sunflower, groundnut, and soybean oils. The revolution gained momentum under the Technology Mission on Oilseeds (TMO) launched in the 1980s. The key figure associated with the Yellow Revolution is Sam Pitroda.

Other options (for context)

• Cereals: Their production growth is linked with the Green Revolution.
• Milk: Related to the White Revolution led by Dr. Verghese Kurien.
• None of these: Incorrect — the Yellow Revolution specifically concerns oilseeds.

Explanation: Fathom is a unit used to measure depth, particularly the depth of water in oceans and seas. One fathom is equal to 6 feet or approximately 1.83 meters. It is commonly used in navigation and marine studies.

Explanation: Rickets is a bone disease caused by the deficiency of Vitamin D in children. Vitamin D is essential for the proper absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the intestine, which are vital for healthy bone formation. Its deficiency leads to weak and soft bones, resulting in deformities such as bowed legs and knock knees. The adult form of this disease is known as osteomalacia. Vitamin D can be obtained from sunlight, fish oil, eggs, and fortified milk.

Explanation: The elements Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N) — collectively known as CHON — were primarily responsible for the origin of life on Earth. These elements are the basic building blocks of all biological molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Early Earth's atmosphere contained these elements in gaseous forms (like CH₄, NH₃, H₂, and H₂O), which combined under lightning and UV radiation to form simple organic compounds — a process explained by the Miller–Urey experiment.

PINAKA is an indigenously developed Multi Barrel Rocket Launch (MBRL) system designed and produced by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. It is capable of firing a salvo of rockets to deliver explosive warheads over large areas with high accuracy. Pinaka is primarily used by the Indian Army for long-range artillery support and has a range of up to 75 km in its upgraded version (Pinaka Mk-II).

Other options (for context)

• Anti-submarine torpedo and research vehicle: Refers to underwater weapon systems, not related to Pinaka.
• Aircraft carrier: A large naval vessel capable of carrying aircraft; Pinaka is not a ship.
• Guided missile frigate submarine warship: Refers to naval warships, not a land-based rocket launcher.

Explanation: A parity bit is added to binary data in a computer system for error detection. It helps identify whether data has been altered during transmission or storage. The parity bit makes the total number of 1s either even (even parity) or odd (odd parity), allowing simple error checking.