Explanation: In computer programming, the term "Beans" is specifically associated with the Java programming language. A JavaBean is a reusable software component written in Java that can be manipulated visually in a builder tool. JavaBeans follow certain conventions such as having a no-argument constructor, providing getter and setter methods, and being serializable. They are widely used in Enterprise Java applications for data encapsulation and to promote modular, reusable code.

Explanation: PROLOG (Programming in Logic) is a high-level programming language widely used in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computational linguistics. It is based on formal logic and is especially useful for solving problems involving pattern matching, rule-based reasoning, and natural language processing.

The electron was discovered by J. J. Thomson in 1897 during his experiments with cathode rays. He demonstrated that cathode rays are composed of tiny negatively charged particles, which he named electrons. This discovery revolutionized atomic theory and led to the development of the plum pudding model of the atom, where electrons are embedded in a positively charged sphere.

Other options (for context)

• Enrico Fermi: Known for his work on nuclear physics and the development of the first nuclear reactor.
• Robert Noyce: Co-inventor of the integrated circuit (microchip).
• James Dyson: Inventor of the modern vacuum cleaner, not a physicist.

Explanation: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base, so it does not turn blue litmus paper red. Instead, it turns red litmus paper blue. In contrast, lemon juice, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid are acidic and turn blue litmus red.

Explanation: Haemoglobin is a complex iron-containing protein found in red blood cells (RBCs). It binds with oxygen in the lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin and releases it in tissues where oxygen levels are low. It also helps transport carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs. This oxygen-carrying property makes haemoglobin the essential respiratory pigment in humans and most vertebrates.

Explanation: Internet is the odd one out because it is a global network, whereas Linux, Unix and Windows are operating systems.

Explanation: RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) works by using radio waves to detect and determine the distance, speed, and position of objects such as aircraft, ships, and vehicles. The radar system transmits radio waves, which travel through the air, hit an object, and get reflected back to the radar receiver. By measuring the time delay between transmission and reception, the radar calculates the object's distance and motion. Radio waves are ideal because they can travel long distances, penetrate clouds, and are unaffected by weather conditions.

Swine Flu is caused by the H₁N₁ virus, a subtype of the Influenza A virus. It primarily affects the respiratory system and is transmitted from person to person through droplets from coughs or sneezes. Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. The H₁N₁ pandemic in 2009 was declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Other options (for context)

• Dengue: Caused by the Dengue virus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
• AIDS: Caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), not H₁N₁.
• Bird flu: Caused by the H5N1 virus, not H₁N₁.