Explanation: A CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) is an optical disk used to store large amounts of data. It is read using a laser beam in a CD drive and is commonly used for distributing software, music, and multimedia content.

Explanation: Carpal bones are the eight small bones that make up the wrist (also known as the carpus) in the human skeletal system. These bones are arranged in two rows — a proximal row (closer to the forearm) and a distal row (closer to the hand). They connect the bones of the forearm (radius and ulna) to the bones of the hand (metacarpals) and allow for the flexibility and movement of the wrist. The carpals are essential for various hand motions like bending, rotation, and gripping.

A Hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the humidity (moisture content) in the atmosphere. It helps determine the percentage of water vapor present in the air, which is essential for weather forecasting, climate studies, and maintaining controlled environments in industries or laboratories. Some common types include the dry and wet bulb hygrometer and the digital hygrometer.

Other options (for context)

• Barometer: Used to measure atmospheric pressure.
• Anemometer: Used to measure wind speed.
• Thermometer: Used to measure temperature.

One molecule of a Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) can destroy up to 1,00,000 molecules of ozone (O₃) in the ozone layer. When CFCs reach the stratosphere, they are broken down by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, releasing chlorine atoms. Each chlorine atom acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of ozone molecules, significantly depleting the protective ozone layer that shields Earth from harmful UV rays.

Other options (for context)

• 10,000: Underestimates the destructive potential of a single CFC molecule.
• 10,00,000: Overestimates the number of ozone molecules destroyed.
• No one of the above: Incorrect — the correct answer is 1,00,000 molecules of ozone.

Explanation: Execution time is the period during which a job or program is actively processed by the computer’s CPU. It refers to the actual time taken to execute instructions, excluding waiting or idle times such as input/output delays or queue time.

Explanation: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which are the air passages of the respiratory tract that carry air to and from the lungs. The condition causes coughing, mucus production, chest discomfort, and difficulty in breathing. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, long-term exposure to smoke, dust, or air pollutants. Chronic bronchitis is a serious form often associated with smoking and is part of a group of lung diseases known as COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).

The Biome is the largest ecological unit. It includes several ecosystems that share similar climate, vegetation, and animal life. Examples include tundra, desert, rainforest, and grassland. A biome represents a major community of living organisms adapted to a specific environment over large geographical areas.

• Organism: An individual living being.
• Population: A group of the same species living in an area.
• Ecosystem: Includes both living and non-living components, but multiple ecosystems together form a biome.

Explanation: A monitor is an output device that displays text, images, and videos generated by the computer. It allows users to visually view the processed data. Common types of monitors include LCD, LED, and OLED screens.