Correct Option: A  [ Thyroid ]
Remark:
Explanation: The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the body. It is a butterfly-shaped gland situated in the neck region, just below the larynx. It secretes the hormones thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃), which control metabolism, growth, and energy utilization. The thyroid also produces calcitonin, which helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.
Functions of the Thyroid Gland:
- Regulates metabolic rate (BMR)
- Influences growth and development
- Maintains body temperature and energy balance
- Regulates calcium metabolism via calcitonin
Disorders:
- Hypothyroidism: Leads to goitre, myxedema, or cretinism
- Hyperthyroidism: Leads to weight loss, anxiety, and increased heart rate