Explanation: Trichology is derived from the Greek word “trikhos”, meaning hair. It is a specialized field within dermatology that focuses on the structure, function, and diseases of hair and scalp. Trichologists diagnose and treat conditions such as hair loss (alopecia), dandruff, scalp infections, and hair shaft disorders.

Common Hair Disorders Studied in Trichology:

• Alopecia: Hair loss due to genetics, stress, or autoimmune disorders.
• Dandruff (Seborrheic dermatitis): Scalp condition causing flaking and itching.
• Tinea capitis: Fungal infection of the scalp (ringworm).

A rocket functions based on Newton’s Third Law of Motion, which states that “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.” The rocket expels gases downward at high speed (action), and in response, the rocket is propelled upward (reaction). This principle enables space rockets to move even in the vacuum of space where no air resistance exists.

• Newton’s First Law: Deals with inertia, not propulsion.
• Newton’s Second Law: Explains force and acceleration but doesn’t directly describe rocket thrust.

Explanation: A transformer is an electrical device used to increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) the voltage of alternating current (A.C.). It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction and functions only with A.C., not with D.C. A transformer consists of two coils—primary and secondary—wound around a soft iron core. The voltage ratio between these coils depends on the number of turns in each winding. Transformers are used in power transmission, distribution, and electronic devices to regulate voltage levels efficiently.

Explanation: The permissible noise level in residential areas should not exceed 55 decibels (dB) during the daytime and 45 dB at night, as per the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines. Exposure to higher noise levels can lead to stress, disturbed sleep, and hearing impairment.

Explanation: Humans first develop a set of 20 milk teeth (also called deciduous or primary teeth) — 10 in the upper jaw and 10 in the lower jaw. These teeth start erupting around 6 months of age and are eventually replaced by 32 permanent teeth (including 4 wisdom teeth). Milk teeth help in early chewing, speaking, and maintaining space for permanent teeth.

Explanation: A lens is generally made of flint glass, which contains lead oxide. Flint glass has a higher refractive index than ordinary glass, allowing it to bend light more effectively. This property makes it ideal for manufacturing optical instruments such as lenses and prisms.

Explanation: The full form of OMR is Optical Mark Recognition. It is a technology used to detect marks made on specially designed paper forms, such as answer sheets in competitive exams or surveys. Candidates mark their answers by filling bubbles with dark ink or pencil, and the OMR scanner reads these marks by detecting reflected light. This process allows for fast, accurate, and automated data collection without manual checking, minimizing human errors and saving time.