The statement “Silver Revolution refers to increased pulse production” is incorrect. The Silver Revolution actually refers to the rapid increase in egg and poultry production in India during the 1980s, which boosted nutrition and rural income.

• White Revolution: Increased milk production under Dr. Verghese Kurien.
• Green Revolution: Rise in food grain output (wheat, rice) using high-yield varieties.
• Yellow Revolution: Boosted oilseed production for self-sufficiency in edible oils.

Anaemia is caused due to a deficiency of iron in the body. Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When the body lacks sufficient iron, it produces fewer and smaller red blood cells, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and pale skin. This condition is known as Iron-Deficiency Anaemia.

Other options (for context)

• Iodine: Its deficiency causes goitre, not anaemia.
• Vitamin: Certain vitamins like B₁₂ and folic acid deficiency can cause anaemia, but the most common cause is lack of iron.
• None of these: Incorrect — iron deficiency is the main cause of anaemia.

Explanation: Vitamin K is produced by gut bacteria (Escherichia coli) in the large intestine. It plays a vital role in the synthesis of prothrombin, a protein essential for normal blood clotting. Although some of it is obtained from food (like leafy vegetables), intestinal bacteria supply a significant portion of the body’s requirement.

Explanation: Anaemia is a condition caused by a deficiency of iron in the body, leading to reduced formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells. As a result, the blood’s capacity to carry oxygen decreases, causing fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and pale skin. Iron is essential for haemoglobin synthesis, and deficiency can result from poor diet, blood loss, or malabsorption. Foods rich in iron include green leafy vegetables, liver, red meat, legumes, and jaggery.

Explanation: Natural gas is not a renewable source of energy because it is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years from the remains of plants and animals. Once used, it cannot be replenished quickly. In contrast, geothermal energy, flowing water, and biomass are renewable energy sources that can be naturally regenerated.

Explanation: In GM food, the term GM stands for Genetically Modified. These are foods produced from organisms (plants or animals) whose genetic material (DNA) has been altered using modern biotechnology or genetic engineering techniques. This modification is done to introduce desirable traits such as pest resistance, drought tolerance, higher yield, or improved nutritional value. A common example is Bt cotton, which contains a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that provides resistance to insect pests.

In medical terminology, USG stands for Ultrasonography. It is a diagnostic imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs, tissues, and developing fetuses. USG is commonly used in obstetrics, cardiology, and abdominal examinations as it is safe and non-invasive.

• Undersized gland: Not a recognized medical term.
• Unsegmented gonads: Incorrect and unrelated to imaging.
• None of the above: Incorrect as option B is correct.

Explanation: ASTROSAT is India’s first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory launched by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) on September 28, 2015. It is designed for astronomy research and studies celestial objects like stars, galaxies, black holes, and neutron stars in different wavelengths — including visible, ultraviolet, and X-ray bands. ASTROSAT helps scientists study high-energy astrophysical phenomena and provides data comparable to international missions such as NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope.

Explanation: Windows XP is an operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft. An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides services for running application programs. Windows XP, released in 2001, was one of the most popular OS versions used for both personal and business computers. It provides a graphical user interface (GUI), multitasking, and file management capabilities.