Q: The sex of a child before birth can be determined by:

A: Amnoscopy

B: Amniocentesis

C: Amniograpghy

D: None of these



Correct Option: B  [ Amniocentesis ]

Remark:

Explanation: Amniocentesis is a medical diagnostic procedure used to determine the genetic and chromosomal makeup of a developing fetus. It involves the withdrawal of a small amount of amniotic fluid from the uterus using a fine needle. This fluid contains fetal cells that can be tested to identify genetic disorders such as Down’s syndrome and also to determine the sex of the fetus. However, using amniocentesis for sex determination is illegal in India under the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act to prevent female foeticide.


Q: Which among the following helps in circulation of blood ?

A: Erythrocytes

B: Blood platelets

C: Monocytes

D: Lymphocytes



Correct Option: A  [ Erythrocytes ]

Remark:

Explanation: The erythrocytes (RBCs) play a crucial role in the circulation of blood by carrying oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and returning carbon dioxide for exhalation. They contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and maintains the red color of blood. Circulation itself is driven by the heart and supported by these oxygen-carrying cells.


Q: Which gas is used as fire extinguisher?

A: Nitrogen dioxide

B: Carbon monoxide

C: Carbon dioxide

D: Nitrous oxide



Correct Option: C  [ Carbon dioxide ]

Remark:

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is commonly used as a fire extinguisher gas. It works by displacing oxygen around the fire and forming a blanket of gas that cuts off the oxygen supply, thereby stopping the combustion process. Additionally, CO₂ is non-flammable and leaves no residue, making it ideal for use on electrical and electronic fires where water cannot be used safely.

Other options (for context)

  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂): A toxic gas, not suitable for firefighting.
  • Carbon monoxide (CO): A poisonous gas produced by incomplete combustion, not used in extinguishers.
  • Nitrous oxide (N₂O): Commonly known as laughing gas, used as an anesthetic, not a fire suppressant.


Q: Check the odd term out:

A: Internet

B: Linux

C: Unix

D: Windows



Correct Option: A  [ Internet ]

Remark:

Explanation: Internet is the odd one out because it is a global network, whereas Linux, Unix and Windows are operating systems.


Q: Which of the following is the structural and functional unit of kidneys?

A: Nephron

B: Pits

C: Nutrofil

D: Tentacle



Correct Option: A  [ Nephron ]

Remark:

Explanation: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each human kidney contains about 1 to 1.5 million nephrons. A nephron consists of two main parts — the renal corpuscle (Bowman's capsule and glomerulus) and the renal tubule. It performs three main functions: filtration of blood, reabsorption of essential substances, and secretion


Q: The Kala-azar disease in man is spread by the bite of a:

A: Culex Mosquito

B: Phlebotomus sandfly

C: Climex bed-bug

D: Sarcoptes mites



Correct Option: B  [ Phlebotomus sandfly ]

Remark:

Explanation: Kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. It is transmitted through the bite of the female Phlebotomus sandfly. The disease primarily affects the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, leading to symptoms such as fever, anemia, weight loss, and darkening of the skin. The term “Kala-azar” literally means “black fever.”


Q: Opium is derived from which part of poppy plant ?

A: Seeds

B: Leaves

C: Bark

D: Capsule



Correct Option: D  [ Capsule ]

Remark:

Explanation: Opium is obtained from the latex present in the unripe capsule of the poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). The latex is collected by making incisions on the capsule, and after drying, it forms raw opium, which contains alkaloids like morphine and codeine.


Q: Which is the respiratory organ of fish?

A: Ears

B: Gills

C: Skin

D: Lungs



Correct Option: B  [ Gills ]

Remark:

Explanation: Fish respire through specialized organs called gills, located on either side of their head. Gills contain thin filaments with a large surface area and rich blood supply that allow exchange of gases. When water passes over the gill membranes, oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out. This process enables aquatic respiration and supports survival underwater.


Q: In the eye colour vision is effected by the presence of

A: Rods

B: Choroid coat

C: Cones

D: Sclerotic coat



Correct Option: C  [ Cones ]

Remark:

Explanation: The human retina contains two types of photoreceptor cells — rods and cones. Cones are concentrated in the central part of the retina (fovea) and are sensitive to different wavelengths of light — red, green, and blue. These enable colour vision and visual acuity in bright light. Rods, on the other hand, function in dim light and provide black-and-white vision.


Q: Which of the following is the first calculating device ?

A: Abacus

B: Calculator

C: Turing machine

D: Pascaline



Correct Option: A  [ Abacus ]

Remark:

The Abacus is considered the first calculating device in human history. It was invented around 2500 BCE and used in ancient civilizations such as China, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. The Abacus consists of beads that slide on rods or wires, representing numbers, and is used to perform basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It laid the foundation for modern computing and calculating tools.

Other options (for context)

  • Calculator: A modern electronic device for computation, developed much later.
  • Turing machine: A theoretical computational model proposed by Alan Turing in 1936.
  • Pascaline: A mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642, long after the Abacus.
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