The Yellow Revolution in India refers to the significant increase in the production of oilseeds. It was initiated to make India self-sufficient in edible oils such as mustard, sunflower, groundnut, and soybean oils. The revolution gained momentum under the Technology Mission on Oilseeds (TMO) launched in the 1980s. The key figure associated with the Yellow Revolution is Sam Pitroda.

Other options (for context)

• Cereals: Their production growth is linked with the Green Revolution.
• Milk: Related to the White Revolution led by Dr. Verghese Kurien.
• None of these: Incorrect — the Yellow Revolution specifically concerns oilseeds.

Explanation: Acupuncture is an ancient form of traditional Chinese medicine that involves the insertion of very thin needles through the skin at specific points, called acupoints. It is based on the concept of balancing the flow of life energy (Qi or Chi) through pathways in the body known as meridians. When these energy flows are blocked or imbalanced, it can cause illness or pain.

By stimulating specific acupoints, acupuncture is believed to restore the normal energy flow and help the body heal itself. It is commonly used to treat:

• Chronic pain (e.g., back, neck, and joint pain)
• Migraines and headaches
• Arthritis and muscle stiffness
• Stress and anxiety

Scientific View: Modern research suggests that acupuncture may stimulate nerves, muscles, and connective tissue, boosting the body’s natural painkillers (endorphins).

Explanation: Vitamin B₁₂, also known as Cobalamin, is the only vitamin that contains a metal ion — cobalt (Co) — at its core. It plays a crucial role in red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and proper nervous system function. Deficiency of Vitamin B₁₂ leads to pernicious anemia and neurological disorders. It is found mainly in animal-based foods such as meat, eggs, milk, and fish, and is synthesized by certain bacteria.

Explanation: Among the given particles, the proton is the heaviest. A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom, with a mass of approximately 1.672 × 10⁻²⁷ kg. Although the neutron is slightly heavier than a proton, in most general questions like this one, protons are considered heavier in context when compared with electrons and neutrinos. Electrons are much lighter, with a mass about 1/1836 that of a proton, while neutrinos are nearly massless and electrically neutral.

Explanation: Kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. It is transmitted through the bite of the female Phlebotomus sandfly. The disease primarily affects the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, leading to symptoms such as fever, anemia, weight loss, and darkening of the skin. The term “Kala-azar” literally means “black fever.”

Explanation: Dakshin Gangotri is India’s first scientific research station established in Antarctica in 1983–84. It was set up by the Indian Antarctic Programme under the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR). Located about 2,500 km from the South Pole, it served as a base for scientific studies related to glaciology, meteorology, and environmental sciences. Though it is now buried under ice and functions as a supply base, it marked India’s permanent presence in Antarctica. Later stations include Maitri (1989) and Bharati (2012).