Explanation: VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is a technology that allows users to make telephone calls over the Internet instead of traditional telephone lines. It converts voice signals into digital data packets and transmits them through computer networks, enabling cost-effective communication worldwide.

Explanation: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus (a member of the Paramyxovirus group). It spreads through droplets released when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms include fever, cough, rash, and watery eyes. Other diseases listed — scurvy, asthma, and diabetes — are non-communicable as they do not spread from person to person.

Explanation: An F1 (Formula One) car is primarily made of carbon fibre, a lightweight yet extremely strong and durable material. Carbon fibre provides high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent rigidity, and improved safety — essential for achieving high speeds and ensuring driver protection in racing conditions.

Explanation: Adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) is secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, fear, anger, or excitement. It prepares the body for “fight or flight” by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose levels, and by dilating the air passages to supply more oxygen. Because it helps the body respond instantly to emergencies, it is called the “emergency hormone.”

The statement “Silver Revolution refers to increased pulse production” is incorrect. The Silver Revolution actually refers to the rapid increase in egg and poultry production in India during the 1980s, which boosted nutrition and rural income.

• White Revolution: Increased milk production under Dr. Verghese Kurien.
• Green Revolution: Rise in food grain output (wheat, rice) using high-yield varieties.
• Yellow Revolution: Boosted oilseed production for self-sufficiency in edible oils.

Explanation: Mucor is not a biofertilizer; it is a saprophytic fungus that grows on decaying organic matter. Biofertilizers are living microorganisms that enhance soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen or solubilizing nutrients. Examples include Rhizobium, Azotobacter, and Anabaena.

Explanation: Bryology is the branch of botany that deals with the study of bryophytes, which include mosses and liverworts. These are small, non-vascular plants that typically grow in moist and shady environments.

The highest tides, known as spring tides, occur during the time of the new moon and the full moon. During these phases, the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned in a straight line, causing their combined gravitational forces to produce higher high tides and lower low tides. This alignment amplifies the tidal effect, resulting in the strongest tidal ranges.

Other options (for context)

• Solar eclipse: Can coincide with a new moon but is not directly responsible for higher tides.
• Lunar eclipse: Occurs during a full moon but does not always produce exceptionally high tides.
• Volcanoes: Have no relation to tidal movements; tides are caused by gravitational forces, not geological activity.

Explanation: Sound waves are not electromagnetic waves; they are mechanical waves that require a material medium (like air, water, or solids) for propagation. In contrast, radio waves, X-rays, and visible light are electromagnetic waves that can travel through a vacuum.