Explanation: The incorrect pair is Faraday : Diffusion of gases. The diffusion of gases was studied and explained by Thomas Graham, not by Michael Faraday. Graham’s Law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density or molar mass. On the other hand, Michael Faraday is famous for his work on electromagnetism and electrolysis. The other pairs are correctly matched with their discoveries.

Explanation: Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in almost all eukaryotic cells. They are known as the 'power house of the cell' because they generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration. The inner membrane forms folds called cristae, which increase the surface area for enzyme activity related to energy production. Mitochondria also contain their own DNA and ribosomes, enabling them to produce some of their own proteins.

Key Reaction:

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + ATP

Explanation: Asbestos is a group of naturally occurring fibrous silicate minerals once widely used in construction and insulation. When inhaled, asbestos fibers accumulate in the lungs and pleura, leading to inflammation and scarring over years. This chronic exposure can cause asbestosis (lung fibrosis) and mesothelioma — a deadly cancer of the membrane lining the lungs (pleura) or abdomen (peritoneum).

Explanation: Human blood is maintained at a slightly alkaline pH of 7.4 (range 7.35–7.45). This balance is vital for the proper functioning of enzymes and biochemical reactions in the body. The buffer systems in blood — primarily the bicarbonate buffer system (H₂CO₃ / HCO₃⁻) — help maintain this stable pH. A small deviation from this range can lead to severe physiological disturbances.

Imbalances:

• Acidosis: pH below 7.35 — causes drowsiness, confusion, and respiratory distress.
• Alkalosis: pH above 7.45 — causes muscle twitching, irritability, and convulsions.

Explanation: Humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapour (moisture) present in the air. It indicates how saturated the air is with moisture and affects weather, comfort, and precipitation. High humidity means the air contains more water vapour, while low humidity indicates dry air.

Argon (Ar) is an inert gas, also known as a noble gas. It belongs to Group 18 of the periodic table, whose elements are characterized by complete outer electron shells, making them chemically unreactive. Argon constitutes about 0.93% of the Earth's atmosphere and is widely used in electric bulbs, welding, and in creating inert environments for chemical reactions.

Other options (for context)

• Hydrogen: Highly reactive and combustible gas.
• Nitrogen: Relatively less reactive but not inert; forms compounds like ammonia.
• Oxygen: Highly reactive gas essential for combustion and respiration.

Explanation: 1 Gigabyte (GB) is equal to 1024 Megabytes (MB). Computer memory and storage are measured in powers of 2 (binary system), where 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, and 1 GB = 1024 MB.

Explanation: Lysosomes are known as the ‘suicidal bags’ or ‘disposal units’ of the cell because they contain powerful hydrolytic enzymes capable of breaking down worn-out cell organelles, foreign substances, and even the entire cell when it becomes damaged or diseased.

The full form of LAN is Local Area Network. It is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area such as a home, office, school, or building. LANs enable data sharing, resource sharing (like printers or internet connections), and communication between connected devices. Common technologies used in LANs include Ethernet and Wi-Fi.

Other options (for context)

• Line Area Network: Incorrect — not a recognized networking term.
• Linear Area Network: Incorrect — there is no such standard network type.
• Land Area Network: Incorrect — misinterpretation of LAN abbreviation.